no internet sources, course reader or book sources Write an insightful, thorough essay that answers the following question:Most historians agree that the Enlightenment was a significant influence on the French Revolution. However, on the whole, do you think the French Revolution was more of a fulfillment or a betrayal of Enlightenment ideals? Offer three major examples to support your position, and be sure not to completely ignore counterarguments and examples. To write a successful essay that answers this question, you need to: • Decide whether you think the French Revolution was more of a fulfillment or betrayal of Enlightenment ideals. (You may discuss elements of each, but your essay should make clear in its argument which, on the whole, you think is truer). • Go beyond just summarizing or describing the Enlightenment and/or French Revolution—you need to offer a thesis that takes a clear position on the question, and then use your essay to support this argument with convincing evidence. • Use examples and evidence from lectures as well as readings on both the French Revolution and the Enlightenment to support your argument. Essays that do not use any of the primary source readings will not receive a passing grade. The Rules • Due Date: March 14, at the beginning of class, printed (not emailed). • Length: 900-1100 words. This will come out to roughly 3-4 pages, depending on your font and margins, but it must be at least 900 words. (You need not count the words yourself—any word-processing program will have a word count tool. It’s OK to go a little over 1100 words. It is not OK to submit less than 900). • Format: your essay should be double-spaced, and typed in a reasonable 12-point font with standard margins (Hint: nothing makes you look more desperate than using a font like Courier New that noticeably stretches the text. If in doubt, use Times New Roman). • Please highlight or underline your thesis sentence in your introduction, and make sure you attach your Pre-Submission Checklist (page 4 of this assignment guide) to your essay. • This is not a research paper, but a paper designed to evaluate how well you can use material from this class—readings, lectures, and discussions—to present and support a convincing historical argument. Therefore, you may not use sources from outside our class. • All quotes or references to specific reading passages must be properly cited to avoid plagiarizing. If you have any questions about what does and does not constitute plagiarism (some cases of plagiarism are due more to carelessness than an intention to cheat), do not hesitate to ask me. • To cite a source (the book or a document) from our class, you need only put the author’s name in parentheses at the end of the sentence that contains the quote or reference, followed by the page number. For example: “Man was born free, but everywhere he is in chains” (Rousseau, 19). Note that the quotation mark comes at the end of the quote, while the final punctuation comes after the parenthetical citation. • You need not cite lecture material. • Since all of your sources will be drawn from this class, you do not need to include a Works Cited page. • Since history is a collaborative effort, you may work together with your classmates as you think about the issues involved in writing your essay. However, you are on your own for the writing process, and your final essay must be your own unique product.

250 words. APA format. 2 scholary sources for each question.1. Try and define the New Testament to someone who has never before heard of it. How did the New Testament come to us? What language was it written in and why? When was The New Testament first translated into English, what was this translation called? In what ways does this collection of early Christian documents resemble the scriptures of other world religions? In what ways does the New Testament differ from other sacred texts? Why should we study the New Testament in its original language, rather than just English? How does the linguistics of the texts make a difference? 2. Does the “Synoptic Problem” present an issue for you and your understanding of the truth of Scripture? How might the differences in story, style and content of the Gospel books actually lead the reader into a better understanding of who Jesus was and what the church believed about Him than they might have with only a single Gospel account? What part did the early Christian Communities have in authorship? What do the Early Church Fathers tell us? (http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/churchfathers.html)For example, much of the material that appears only in Luke’s Gospel highlights Jesus’ concern for women, the poor and social outcasts. Luke was not a disciple, so where did he get his material from? The parables unique to his account - such as the prodigal son, the good Samaritan, and Lazarus and the rich man - emphasizes unexpected reversals of society’s accepted norms. What view of Jesus’ character and teaching do you think Luke wishes to promote? Do you think this portrayal should affect the actions and priorities of those who follow Christ?

250 words each.Each question needs to have two scholarly sources from google scholar and/or theological scholary articles. APA format. Not in essay style. Sepereate each question by bullet.Textbook: Harris, S. L. (2014). The New Testament: A Student's Introduction (8th ed.). Dubuque: McGrawHill Education. 1. Try and define the New Testament to someone who has never before heard of it. How did the New Testament come to us? What language was it written in and why? When was The New Testament first translated into English, what was this translation called? In what ways does this collection of early Christian documents resemble the scriptures of other world religions? In what ways does the New Testament differ from other sacred texts? Why should we study the New Testament in its original language, rather than just English? How does the linguistics of the texts make a difference? 2. Does the “Synoptic Problem” present an issue for you and your understanding of the truth of Scripture? How might the differences in story, style and content of the Gospel books actually lead the reader into a better understanding of who Jesus was and what the church believed about Him than they might have with only a single Gospel account? What part did the early Christian Communities have in authorship? What do the Early Church Fathers tell us? (http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/churchfathers.html) For example, much of the material that appears only in Luke’s Gospel highlights Jesus’ concern for women, the poor and social outcasts. Luke was not a disciple, so where did he get his material from? The parables unique to his account - such as the prodigal son, the good Samaritan, and Lazarus and the rich man - emphasizes unexpected reversals of society’s accepted norms. What view of Jesus’ character and teaching do you think Luke wishes to promote? Do you think this portrayal should affect the actions and priorities of those who follow Christ?3. The Church’s first Council (Conference, pp. 297-298) revealed some differences in ideas of ministry and mission between Paul and the Church in Jerusalem. What were some of those differences and do you think that the early church’s experience in dealing with these differences can be helpful for dealing with differences in the church today? How does Galatians Chapter 1 help us understand this? What were the differences between the Sadducees, Pharisees, Essenes, and Zealots? Read Colossians Chapter Three and see how this relates to these issues? Explain?4. Paul clearly emphasizes God’s grace, Jesus’ work on the cross and the role of faith in our justification (see, for example, Rom. 2: 28-29; 3:23-24; Gal. 2:16-21). But does this mean that he completely rejects the importance of works in the Christian life? What role do good works play in the life of a Christian? Do not forget that Paul was a Jewish Rabbi. When he is writing, he uses the literary device of Hebrew dualism. How does this play a role? 5. The question of the pseudonymity of some of Paul’s letters has been a controversial one in the Church. Does the possibility that some of these letters were not written by Paul change your view of these books? Could it be that Paul’s disciples helped to transmit the letters? How did Clement play a role in this, and who was he? Should they be included in the New Testament canon if Paul didn’t write them?